Tertiapin peptide

Tertiapin peptide

• Handling and Storage of Synthetic Peptides
• Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)

H-ALCNCNRIIIPHMCWKKCGKK-NH2

H-Ala-Leu-Cys-Asn-Cys-Asn-Arg-Ile-Ile-Ile-Pro-His-Met-Cys-Trp-Lys-Lys-Cys-Gly-Lys-Lys-NH2

21

95.19%

C₁₀₆H₁₈₀N₃₄O₂₃S₅

2459.09

Synthetic

Powder

Tertiapin is a peptide found in the venom of the European honey bee (Apis mellifera). Tertiapin is a selective inhibitor of the G-protein-gated atrial K+ channel IKACh that can prolong atrial effective refractory period and terminate atrial fibrillation. Tertiapin is also a selective and potent inhibitor of muscarinic K+ channels in rabbit cardiac myocytes. The methionine residue at position 13 of tertiapin is sensitive to oxidation, reducing ability to block ion channels, so the methionine may be be substituted by glutamine in order to prevent oxidation, resulting in tertiapin-Q, which shows no functional change and is a more suitable research tool for some applications.

Normally, this peptide will be delivered in lyophilized form and should be stored in a freezer at or below -20 °C. For more details, please refer to the manual:Handling and Storage of Synthetic Peptides

• Gauldie et al (1976) The peptide components of bee venom. Eur J Biochem. 61(2):369 PMID: 1248464
• Hashimoto et al (2006) Tertiapin, a selective IKACh blocker, terminates atrial fibrillation with selective atrial effective refractory period prolongation. Pharmacol Res. 54(2) 136 PMID: 16725344
• Patel et al (2020) Structural Determinants Mediating Tertiapin Block of Neuronal Kir3.2 Channels. Biochemistry 59(7) 836 PMID: 31990535

Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) has a significant impact on peptides due to its role in the peptide synthesis process.

TFA is essential for the protonation of peptides that lack basic amino acids such as Arginine (Arg), Histidine (His), and Lysine (Lys), or ones that have blocked N-termini. As a result, peptides often contain TFA salts in the final product.

TFA residues, when present in custom peptides, can cause unpredictable fluctuations in experimental data. At a nanomolar (nM) level, TFA can influence cell experiments, hindering cell growth at low concentrations (as low as 10 nM) and promoting it at higher doses (0.5–7.0 mM). It can also serve as an allosteric regulator on the GlyR of glycine receptors, thereby increasing receptor activity at lower glycine concentrations.

In an in vivo setting, TFA can trifluoroacetylate amino groups in proteins and phospholipids, inducing potentially unwanted antibody responses. Moreover, TFA can impact structure studies as it affects spectrum absorption.