Recombinant COQ7 protein (His tag)

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This recombinant protein product features a stable and soluble fragment (amino acids 44-217) of the human NADPH-dependent 3-demethoxyubiquinone 3-hydroxylase (COQ7), designed for structural and biochemical studies. This fragment, computationally selected for optimal expression and handling, enables researchers to investigate key aspects of ubiquinone biosynthesis and mitochondrial function without the challenges of full-length membrane-associated protein expression.

The full-length COQ7 protein, encoded by the COQ7 gene in Homo sapiens, is a mitochondrial inner membrane enzyme that catalyzes the hydroxylation of 5-methoxy-2-methyl-3-(all-trans-polyprenyl)benzoquinone, a critical step in ubiquinone (coenzyme Q) biosynthesis. It functions through a substrate-mediated reduction pathway where NADH transfers electrons to the substrate, which then reduces the diiron centers to activate oxygen for hydroxylation. While it exhibits specificity for physiological substrates like DMQ9 and DMQ10 in vivo, it demonstrates broad in vitro efficiency across polyprenyl tail lengths. Beyond its enzymatic role, COQ7 stabilizes other components of the COQ enzyme complex and influences lifespan determination independently of ubiquinone. It also localizes to the nucleus and chromosomes, where it modulates mitochondrial stress responses and gene expression, highlighting its multifunctional nature in cellular regulation. The protein is primarily located in the mitochondrial inner membrane as a peripheral membrane protein on the matrix side but has been detected in the nucleus and chromosomes, underscoring its diverse subcellular roles.