Prokineticin 2 (PK2) Isoform 2 (82-108) (Human) peptide

• Handling and Storage of Synthetic Peptides
• Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)

Batch to batch variation of the purity

Prokineticin 2 (PK2) is an 81-amino acid cysteine-rich protein that is structurally related to Prokineticin 1 (PK1). It binds to two G-protein-coupled receptors, PKR1 and PKR2. PK2 is expressed in several regions of the adult brain, with the highest concentrations found in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), the site of the master circadian oscillator. Its expression in the SCN varies with the timing of the circadian cycle, suggesting a role in the regulation of the circadian clock. PK2 is also expressed in hypothalamic nuclei, including areas involved in the regulation of energy homeostasis.

Hypothalamic PK2 expression is influenced by nutritional status, being reduced during fasting. Intracerebroventricular administration of PK2 increases neuronal activation, as indicated by c-fos expression, in specific hypothalamic nuclei such as the arcuate nucleus (ARC). In the ARC, PK2 administration stimulates the release of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) from proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons. This interaction with the melanocortin system represents a key mechanism through which PK2 influences physiological processes.

• Gardiner JV, Bataveljic A, Patel NA, Bewick GA, Roy D, Campbell D, Greenwood HC, Murphy KG, Hameed S, Jethwa PH, Ebling FJ, Vickers SP, Cheetham S, Ghatei MA, Bloom SR, Dhillo WS. Prokineticin 2 is a hypothalamic neuropeptide that potently inhibits food intake. Diabetes. 2010 Feb;59(2):397-406. doi: 10.2337/db09-1198. Epub 2009 Nov 23. PMID: 19933997; PMCID: PMC2809973.

Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) is a common counterion from the purification process using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The presence of TFA can affect the peptide's net weight, appearance, and solubility.

Impact on Net Weight: The TFA salt contributes to the total mass of the product. In most cases, the peptide content constitutes >80% of the total weight, with TFA accounting for the remainder.

Solubility: TFA salts generally enhance the solubility of peptides in aqueous solutions.

In Biological Assays: For most standard in vitro assays, the residual TFA levels do not cause interference. However, for highly sensitive cellular or biochemical studies, please be aware of its presence.