POLARIS peptide

• COA/MS/HPLC Report
• Handling and Storage of Synthetic Peptides
• Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)

Batch to batch variation of the purity

The POLARIS (PLS) peptide is a 36-amino acid micropeptide encoded within an auxin-inducible short transcript in Arabidopsis. The PLS transcript is approximately 500 nucleotides in length and is associated with roles in root growth and vascular development. Functional studies indicate that the PLS peptide influences auxin and cytokinin responses, contributing to normal root elongation and leaf vascular patterning. Mutation of the PLS transcript results in altered phenotypic responses, including decreased root length and modified leaf vasculature, highlighting its significance in plant developmental processes.

This micropeptide is derived from a small open reading frame (smORF), which is characterized by an ORF containing fewer than 100 codons. smORFs are frequently identified in non-coding RNAs, such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and are translated into functional micropeptides. The discovery of POLARIS exemplifies the expanding recognition of smORF-encoded peptides as important regulators in plant growth and development, beyond the traditional boundaries of protein-coding genes.

• Chilley PM, Casson SA, Tarkowski P, Hawkins N, Wang KL, Hussey PJ, Beale M, Ecker JR, Sandberg GK, Lindsey K. The POLARIS peptide of Arabidopsis regulates auxin transport and root growth via effects on ethylene signaling. Plant Cell. 2006 Nov;18(11):3058-72. doi: 10.1105/tpc.106.040790. Epub 2006 Nov 30. PMID: 17138700; PMCID: PMC1693943.
• Sruthi KB, Menon A, P A, Vasudevan Soniya E. Pervasive translation of small open reading frames in plant long non-coding RNAs. Front Plant Sci. 2022 Oct 24;13:975938. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.975938. PMID: 36352887; PMCID: PMC9638090.

Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) is a common counterion from the purification process using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The presence of TFA can affect the peptide's net weight, appearance, and solubility.

Impact on Net Weight: The TFA salt contributes to the total mass of the product. In most cases, the peptide content constitutes >80% of the total weight, with TFA accounting for the remainder.

Solubility: TFA salts generally enhance the solubility of peptides in aqueous solutions.

In Biological Assays: For most standard in vitro assays, the residual TFA levels do not cause interference. However, for highly sensitive cellular or biochemical studies, please be aware of its presence.