Neuronostatin-19 (human, canine, porcine) peptide

• Handling and Storage of Synthetic Peptides
• Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)

Batch to batch variation of the purity

Neuronostatin-19 is a peptide hormone encoded by the somatostatin gene, predicted through bioinformatic analysis of evolutionarily conserved sequences within the pro-somatostatin protein. This amidated peptide, isolated from porcine tissues, shares its precursor with somatostatin but exhibits distinct structural and functional characteristics. Immunohistochemical studies reveal its expression in various tissues, including the pancreas, stomach, and small intestine, often co-localizing with somatostatin-producing cells.

The peptide demonstrates diverse biological activities, such as inducing the expression of early response genes like c-Fos and c-Jun in neuronal, pituitary, and gastrointestinal tissues. In vitro, neuronostatin promotes the migration of cerebellar granule cells by attracting growth cones and exerts direct depolarizing effects on paraventricular neurons in hypothalamic slices. Additionally, it stimulates cell proliferation and serum response element reporter activity in gastric tumor cell lines. These actions highlight its role as a multifunctional regulatory peptide involved in neuronal and cellular processes.

• Samson WK, Zhang JV, Avsian-Kretchmer O, Cui K, Yosten GL, Klein C, Lyu RM, Wang YX, Chen XQ, Yang J, Price CJ, Hoyda TD, Ferguson AV, Yuan XB, Chang JK, Hsueh AJ. Neuronostatin encoded by the somatostatin gene regulates neuronal, cardiovascular, and metabolic functions. J Biol Chem. 2008 Nov 14;283(46):31949-59. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M804784200. Epub 2008 Aug 26. PMID: 18753129; PMCID: PMC2581552.

Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) is a common counterion from the purification process using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The presence of TFA can affect the peptide's net weight, appearance, and solubility.

Impact on Net Weight: The TFA salt contributes to the total mass of the product. In most cases, the peptide content constitutes >80% of the total weight, with TFA accounting for the remainder.

Solubility: TFA salts generally enhance the solubility of peptides in aqueous solutions.

In Biological Assays: For most standard in vitro assays, the residual TFA levels do not cause interference. However, for highly sensitive cellular or biochemical studies, please be aware of its presence.