Insulin-like growth factor 1 tripeptide, IGF-I (1-3)

Insulin-like growth factor 1 tripeptide, IGF-I (1-3)

• COA/MS/HPLC Report
• Handling and Storage of Synthetic Peptides
• Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)

Batch to batch variation of the purity

GPE

Gly-Pro-Glu

3

99.89%

C₁₂H₁₉N₃O₆

301.3

Synthetic

Powder

This N-terminal tripeptide of IGF-I facilitated the in vitro release of acetylcholine with a several hundredfold higher potency (10⁻¹⁰ - 10⁻⁶ M) than intact IGF-I (4 · 10⁻⁸ M), whereas truncated IGF-I lacking the tripeptide GPE, did not show any significant effect. This raises the possibility that GPE may be the active site of IGF-I. - Although the precise mode of action of GPE is still unknown, another study suggests that local administration of GPE is neuroprotective after brain HI injury via glial cells. In addition, systemic administration of GPE showed a more widespread neuroprotective effect. Therefore, GPE may represent a complementary pathway for central and systemic IGF-1's antiapoptotic effects.

Normally, this peptide will be delivered in lyophilized form and should be stored in a freezer at or below -20 °C. For more details, please refer to the manual: Handling and Storage of Synthetic Peptides

• Sara VR, Carlsson-skwirut C, Bergman T, et al. Identification of Gly-Pro-Glu (GPE), the aminoterminal tripeptide of insulin-like growth factor 1 which is truncated in brain, as a novel neuroactive peptide. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1989;165(2):766-71.

Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) is a common counterion from the purification process using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The presence of TFA can affect the peptide's net weight, appearance, and solubility.

Impact on Net Weight: The TFA salt contributes to the total mass of the product. In most cases, the peptide content constitutes >80% of the total weight, with TFA accounting for the remainder.

Solubility: TFA salts generally enhance the solubility of peptides in aqueous solutions.

In Biological Assays: For most standard in vitro assays, the residual TFA levels do not cause interference. However, for highly sensitive cellular or biochemical studies, please be aware of its presence.