Anoplin antimicrobial peptide

Anoplin antimicrobial peptide

• Handling and Storage of Synthetic Peptides
• Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)

H-GLLKRIKTT-NH2 (amidation)

H-Gly-Leu-Leu-Lys-Arg-Ile-Lys-Thr-Thr-NH2

9

95.2%

C₄₆H₈₉N₁₅O₁₁

1028.29

Synthetic

Powder

A novel antimicrobial peptide, anoplin, was purified from the venom of the solitary wasp Anoplius samariensis. The sequence was mostly analyzed by mass spectrometry, which was corroborated by solid-phase synthesis. Anoplin, composed of 10 amino acid residues, Gly-Leu-Leu-Lys-Arg-Ile-Lys-Thr-Leu-Leu-NH2, has a high homology to crabrolin and mastoparan-X, the mast cell degranulating peptides from social wasp venoms, and, therefore, can be predicted to adopt an amphipathic alpha-helix secondary structure. In fact, the circular dichroism (CD) spectra of anoplin in the presence of trifluoroethanol or sodium dodecyl sulfate showed a high content, up to 55%, of the alpha-helical conformation.

Normally, this peptide will be delivered in lyophilized form and should be stored in a freezer at or below -20 °C. For more details, please refer to the manual:Handling and Storage of Synthetic Peptides

• Konno K, Hisada M, Fontana R, Lorenzi CC, Naoki H, Itagaki Y, Miwa A, Kawai N, Nakata Y, Yasuhara T, Ruggiero Neto J, de Azevedo WF Jr, Palma MS, Nakajima T. Anoplin, a novel antimicrobial peptide from the venom of the solitary wasp Anoplius samariensis. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2001 Nov 26;1550(1):70-80. doi: 10.1016/s0167-4838(01)00271-0. PMID: 11738089.

Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) has a significant impact on peptides due to its role in the peptide synthesis process.

TFA is essential for the protonation of peptides that lack basic amino acids such as Arginine (Arg), Histidine (His), and Lysine (Lys), or ones that have blocked N-termini. As a result, peptides often contain TFA salts in the final product.

TFA residues, when present in custom peptides, can cause unpredictable fluctuations in experimental data. At a nanomolar (nM) level, TFA can influence cell experiments, hindering cell growth at low concentrations (as low as 10 nM) and promoting it at higher doses (0.5–7.0 mM). It can also serve as an allosteric regulator on the GlyR of glycine receptors, thereby increasing receptor activity at lower glycine concentrations.

In an in vivo setting, TFA can trifluoroacetylate amino groups in proteins and phospholipids, inducing potentially unwanted antibody responses. Moreover, TFA can impact structure studies as it affects spectrum absorption.